mytelcolearning

Hello readers there are multiple questions about 5G/NR future in india as trials are only carried out by all major 3 operators  with help of Major 3 OEMs  Ericsson , Nokia & Samsung with restriction of 30 eNB per scenario[Urban , Rural , Semi Urban] in a PLMN  Below is some basics of measurement difference Jio is doing trails with indegenious system so they have adavantage of doing trials on 300 eNB per scenario in PLMN as per letter of Ministry of communication and they are doing trials . So one question is genuine that which 5G/NR options will be adopted by all 3 operators of india and answer is very simple and its Option3x . As still out of 3 , 2 operators are not willing to loose 2G customer and hence  there is no way of thinking of loosing 4G customer by deploying Option2 is  5G/NR SA  with additional massive investment . I will not go into details  but overview is that Option3x is future of 5G/NR in india  Option3x has advantage that with same Core, operators will be able to

Dear readers as per above snap its easy to say PCI confusion and Collision coming under PCI conflict and reaspective reasons that mentioned in snap . Each 5G/4G cell corresponds to a Physical Cell ID (PCI) and it is used to distinguish cells on the radio side. The PCI planning for 5G NR is very much similar to PCI planning for LTE and scrambling code planning for 3G UMTS. Bad or wrong planning can affect the synchronization procedure , demodulation, and handover signalling and degrade the network performs. PCI Planning should be simpler for NR compare to LTE because there are double as many PCIs available for allocation While Planning PCI , below things need to follow strictly  1. Nbr cell should not have same position of PSS  2. Nbr Cell can use same SSS position  3. Intra Cells of an eNB should not have same PCI in same carrier  As PCI is derived from PSS and SSS so there should not be same position of PSS &SSS combination of cells on their different Antenna Port . For example fo

 TA/TAL Planning Principle The TAC or TAL planning for 5G is similar to 4G. Infact, as the current 5G NR will be using the NSA mode, so initially it should be using the same TAC or TAL as the 4G network. However, the principles for TAC planning are same as given below The paging load should be calculated to ensure that the TAC is not so big that the paging overhead gets too high. This issue is usually mitigated with the intelligent/dynamic/precise paging features If the TAC is too small, this will result in a lot of TAUs that can generate signaling overheads. This can be handled by intelligent TAL planning or even user specific dynamic TAL assignments Some of thumb ruple w.r.t absolute counts  1. When do TA/TAL planning, need guarantee the TAs do not overlap in different TAL. 2. Suggested TA size do not keep too big, so when do TAL optimization , configuration adjusting is flexible ; 3. Suggested a TA including 30~70 eNBs, and TAL including 3~10 TAL; 4. If operator have 2G/3G network,

  Above stats of variation of CQI vs utilization and traffic is self explanatory that yes CQI will get detoriated with increase inpayload as well as PRB utilization >60% Utilization is critical as latency increases exponentially along with almost 3% degradation in cqi with 1% increase in utlization 

Above ref:- Satellite Communication system by GERAND MARAL|MICHEL BOUSQUET|ZHILI SUN There are basic 5 building blocks for satellite internet shown in image. Satellite internet is wireless internet beamed down from satellites orbiting the Earth. It’s a lot different from land-based internet services like cable or DSL, which transmit data through wires. Since it’s the only internet service that’s available nationwide, satellite internet is often the only way to get online for many rural homes and businesses, although it does still come with a few disadvantages like live gaming or services which require less latency . Satellite comminication main moto to make signal available at each and every point of earth. There are 3 types of satellite  I am assuming that how a satellite can cover earth area depending upon its height from earth , means higher the atltitude possibility of covering earth from lesser no of satellites and lower the altitude higer no of satellite required to cover earth

On Counter level analysis its found that almost 98% RRC failures are contribution from timer expiry As all other timers were already in GPL at Max values with  tHalfRrcCon (eNB internal timer) :-default value 3000ms. This timer in Nokia was hardcoded in earlier SW version Trial Impact 3s to 4s Data Traffic increased by 1.8% and Volte traffic by 9.8% 3% Cells with RRC<98% improved in BBH 17% Cell with RRC<98% Improved in 24 Hrs 9% reduction in timer expiry RRC failures  Rest all KPIs are intact and almost no changes in stats 

With this functionality enabled, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer is monitored for TCP traffic. From the moment it is detected, the BTS starts measuring volume of TCP data (only TCP packet with size equal or bigger than the LNCEL Minimum TCP packet size (minTcpPacketSize) parameter are considered for this measurement). Two thresholds are defined Lower and Upper for UL and DL both After reaching lower threshold, the scheduling bias is applied, resulting in a boost of data transfer. After reaching upper threshold, the bias application is stopped, and data transfer is not boosted anymore Trial Result  1. Data Traffic Increased by 1% 2. Volte Traffic Increased by 8% 3. %Cells CQI<8 reduced by 6% 4. %Cells RRC SR>98% increased by 5% 5. %Cells RAB SR>98% Increased by 3% 6. %Cells PS Drop>0.9% reduced by 31% 7. %Cells with DL User Throughput<2Mbps reduced by 17%

It was discovered that 4Tx Transmit Diversity results in up to 1 dB performance penalty compared to 2Tx Transmit Diversity. Therefore, an offset for mentioned algorithm is needed to allow a slightly more conservative choice of aggregation level with 4Tx and that offset is pdcchCqiShift4Tx  Trail Result for pdcchCqiShift4Tx =-1.5 for Nokia 

In normal procedure after T310 expire RLF trigger and UE context should  get restored within T311  Normal RLF trigger HO start before T311 expiry( UE context information available with Source eNB and MME) , In Enhanced RLF trigger case UE context information available with Target eNB via MME from source eNB so in that case reestablishments success chance is more w.r.t normal RLF trigger Handover LTE3105: RLF Triggered HO Enhancements feature improves call drop rate by allowing radio link failure (RLF) triggered handovers during ongoing RRC reconfiguration procedures Impact of testing  VoLTE DCR  reduced by 13.6% VoLTE Mute Call Rate reduced by 5% No of Cells with VoLTE drop call rate >1% [CBBH] reduced by 6%  No of Cells with VoLTE RAB Setup Success Rate <98%[CBBH] reduced by 14% 

LTE2026: RRC Signaling Robustness -feature provides an increase in the reliability of the downlink radio resource control (RRC) signaling messages on the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) to reduce the latency for the RRC procedures and to improve call setup and handover (HO) success rates. dlSrbMimoMode :- This parameter determines the MIMO mode to be used for Downlink SRB traffic  1: TxDiv  2: SpatialMultiplexing Suggestion:- purpose of changes that SRB1 do not required capacity so we can use dlmimomode tx diversity instead of special multiplexing so that dl can be more reliable and that can give benefit in success rate I did changes for worst cells in my network from special multiplexing to TX diversity and good improvement seen 

4G Americas have published whitepaper titled "MIMO and Smart Antennas for Mobile Broadband Systems" . The above picture and the following is from that whitepaper Actually MIMO operation is Subset of diffirent Transmission Mode(TM) Below are some terminology used and their meaning  MIMO  :- MIMO is a method for multiplying the capacity of a radio link using multiple transmission and receiving antennas  to exploit multipath propagation ,  it is being  used in Wi-Fi , 3G (HSDPA+) , LTE , LTE-A(4G) MIMO systems are used to improve the robustness of data transmission or to increase data rates. Typically, a MIMO system(MxN) consists of m transmit antennas and n receive antennas SU-MIMO:-  It will provide multiple layers of communications to a handset for increasing of throughput. Each communication layer added to the User will increase the final throughput based on number of layers. Extra layers are been added using extra antennas in space diversity and more Transmitters in Base-st