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5G Massive MIMO and Beamforming[Analog ,Digital,Hybrid]

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A key part of the 5G NR system relates to the use of Massive MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output). The term “Massive MIMO” relates to an antenna array system using a “Massive” amount of antenna elements that can serve multiple users simultaneously. Typically, the number of antenna elements is 128 or 256. How MIMO can compansate issue in 5G Fr So BW is more in 5G for mmWave , so by increasing mimo loss of penetration can be compansated and mimo increment possible in higher frequency as antenna length became smaller From above formula its clear that Prx is directly proportional to Square of wavelength and Gain of receiver and transmiter . How MIMO Can increase capacity From above shannon hartly theorem there are 3 component can impact Capacity  Increase Channels (MIMO):-Utilizing SM (Spatial Multiplexing) enables multiple streams within the same RB (Resource Block). System requires CSI (Channel State Information) Increase Bandwidth:-Existing frequency spectrum is already saturat