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Above ref:- Satellite Communication system by GERAND MARAL|MICHEL BOUSQUET|ZHILI SUN There are basic 5 building blocks for satellite internet shown in image. Satellite internet is wireless internet beamed down from satellites orbiting the Earth. It’s a lot different from land-based internet services like cable or DSL, which transmit data through wires. Since it’s the only internet service that’s available nationwide, satellite internet is often the only way to get online for many rural homes and businesses, although it does still come with a few disadvantages like live gaming or services which require less latency . Satellite comminication main moto to make signal available at each and every point of earth. There are 3 types of satellite  I am assuming that how a satellite can cover earth area depending upon its height from earth , means higher the atltitude possibility of covering earth from lesser no of satellites and lower the altitude higer no of satellite required to cover earth

On Counter level analysis its found that almost 98% RRC failures are contribution from timer expiry As all other timers were already in GPL at Max values with  tHalfRrcCon (eNB internal timer) :-default value 3000ms. This timer in Nokia was hardcoded in earlier SW version Trial Impact 3s to 4s Data Traffic increased by 1.8% and Volte traffic by 9.8% 3% Cells with RRC<98% improved in BBH 17% Cell with RRC<98% Improved in 24 Hrs 9% reduction in timer expiry RRC failures  Rest all KPIs are intact and almost no changes in stats 

With this functionality enabled, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer is monitored for TCP traffic. From the moment it is detected, the BTS starts measuring volume of TCP data (only TCP packet with size equal or bigger than the LNCEL Minimum TCP packet size (minTcpPacketSize) parameter are considered for this measurement). Two thresholds are defined Lower and Upper for UL and DL both After reaching lower threshold, the scheduling bias is applied, resulting in a boost of data transfer. After reaching upper threshold, the bias application is stopped, and data transfer is not boosted anymore Trial Result  1. Data Traffic Increased by 1% 2. Volte Traffic Increased by 8% 3. %Cells CQI<8 reduced by 6% 4. %Cells RRC SR>98% increased by 5% 5. %Cells RAB SR>98% Increased by 3% 6. %Cells PS Drop>0.9% reduced by 31% 7. %Cells with DL User Throughput<2Mbps reduced by 17%

It was discovered that 4Tx Transmit Diversity results in up to 1 dB performance penalty compared to 2Tx Transmit Diversity. Therefore, an offset for mentioned algorithm is needed to allow a slightly more conservative choice of aggregation level with 4Tx and that offset is pdcchCqiShift4Tx  Trail Result for pdcchCqiShift4Tx =-1.5 for Nokia 

In normal procedure after T310 expire RLF trigger and UE context should  get restored within T311  Normal RLF trigger HO start before T311 expiry( UE context information available with Source eNB and MME) , In Enhanced RLF trigger case UE context information available with Target eNB via MME from source eNB so in that case reestablishments success chance is more w.r.t normal RLF trigger Handover LTE3105: RLF Triggered HO Enhancements feature improves call drop rate by allowing radio link failure (RLF) triggered handovers during ongoing RRC reconfiguration procedures Impact of testing  VoLTE DCR  reduced by 13.6% VoLTE Mute Call Rate reduced by 5% No of Cells with VoLTE drop call rate >1% [CBBH] reduced by 6%  No of Cells with VoLTE RAB Setup Success Rate <98%[CBBH] reduced by 14% 

LTE2026: RRC Signaling Robustness -feature provides an increase in the reliability of the downlink radio resource control (RRC) signaling messages on the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) to reduce the latency for the RRC procedures and to improve call setup and handover (HO) success rates. dlSrbMimoMode :- This parameter determines the MIMO mode to be used for Downlink SRB traffic  1: TxDiv  2: SpatialMultiplexing Suggestion:- purpose of changes that SRB1 do not required capacity so we can use dlmimomode tx diversity instead of special multiplexing so that dl can be more reliable and that can give benefit in success rate I did changes for worst cells in my network from special multiplexing to TX diversity and good improvement seen 

4G Americas have published whitepaper titled "MIMO and Smart Antennas for Mobile Broadband Systems" . The above picture and the following is from that whitepaper Actually MIMO operation is Subset of diffirent Transmission Mode(TM) Below are some terminology used and their meaning  MIMO  :- MIMO is a method for multiplying the capacity of a radio link using multiple transmission and receiving antennas  to exploit multipath propagation ,  it is being  used in Wi-Fi , 3G (HSDPA+) , LTE , LTE-A(4G) MIMO systems are used to improve the robustness of data transmission or to increase data rates. Typically, a MIMO system(MxN) consists of m transmit antennas and n receive antennas SU-MIMO:-  It will provide multiple layers of communications to a handset for increasing of throughput. Each communication layer added to the User will increase the final throughput based on number of layers. Extra layers are been added using extra antennas in space diversity and more Transmitters in Base-st